Why Our World Would End If Basic About Automobile Engines Disappeared

Engine:


The engine is a machine or anything that processes given input to the desirable output. There are many types of engine like automobile engine that boosts vehicles, search engine that helps to find data over internet or local server, rocket engine that throws up space-crafts and missiles over the sky. Computer processor is also one type of engine that processes input data to desirable output data within few seconds. Now you have got what engine means.





Automobile Engine:


Automobile engine is a machine that converts chemical energy available in fuel to the mechanical work and heat energy. This energy is utilized for movement of automobile and smooth functioning of systems like windshield wipers, A.C., Supercharger etc. According to power ans torque requirements engine is designed and manufactured.














Types Of Engine:


1. External combustion (E.C.) Engine:









It is an engine, in which combustion of fuel takes place outside of the engine and heat produced by burning of fuel is used to convert the water or other low boiling temperature fluid into steam. This high-pressure steam is used to rotate a turbine for power generation. In this engine we can use all types of fuel i.e. solid, liquid and gaseous. Coal is splendid fuel for external combustion engines due to its low cost and availability. These engines are generally used in driving locomotive, ships, generation of electric power etc.






Advantages of E.C. engine-

In these engines starting torque is generally high.
In external combustion engines, cheaper fuels as well as solid fuel (Coal) can be used.












2. Internal Combustion (I.C.) Engine






It is an engine in which combustion of air+fuel mixture (charge) takes place inside the combustion chamber either by a spark plug (in case of SI Engines) or by compression (in case of CI engines). It generates a high pressure and tremendous amount of heat due to compression of air+fuel mixture. This high pressure is used to generate power and torque required for drive vehicle through the arrangement of transmission. In these engines we can use only gaseous and high volatile liquid fuels like petrol & diesel. These engines are generally used in automobiles & generation of electric power etc.






Advantages of I.C. engine-

It has overall high efficiency over E.C. engine.
I.C. engines are compact and required less space.
Initial cost of I.C. engine is lower than E.C. engine.
Improved cold start due to use of high volatile fuel.



















Types of I.C. Engine:

I.C. engine is widely used in automobile industries so it is also known as automobile engine. An automobile engine may be classified in many manners according to number of strokes, fuel used, ignition system and design.





According to number of stroke:






1. Two-stroke engine


In a two-stroke engine all four required process of comustion viz. Suction, Compression, Power & Exhaust take place only in two strokes i.e. for every rotation of crankshaft. This type of engine has high torque compare to four stroke engine. These are generally used in scooters, pumping sets etc. and racing vehicles especially in dirt bikes.










2. Four-stroke engine


In a four-stroke engine all four required process of comustion viz. Suction, Compression, Power & Exhaust take place in four strokes i.e. for every two rotation of crankshaft. This type of engines has high average compare to two stroke engine. These are generally used in bikes, cars, truck etc.












According to design of engine:






1. Reciprocating engine


In reciprocating engine the pressure generate by combustion of fuel exerted on the piston so the piston starts reciprocating motion (too and fro motion). This reciprocating motion is converted into rotary motion by use of crankshaft and when crankshaft starts to rotate and rotating motion is then transferred to the wheels of vehicle through the transmission. This type of engine is generally used in all automobile.














2. Rotary engine


A rotary engine is essentially a standard Otto cycle engine, but instead of having a fixed cylinder block with rotating crankshaft as with a conventional radial engine, the crankshaft remains stationary and the entire cylinder block rotates around it. In the most common form, the crankshaft was fixed solidly to the airframe, and the propeller was simply bolted to the front of the crankcase. This engine is developed by Wankel in 1957. This engine is not used in automobiles in present days.














According to fuel used:






1. Diesel engine


These engines use diesel as the fuel. These are used in trucks, buses, cars etc.














2. Petrol engine


These engines use petrol as the fuel. These are used in bikes, sport cars, luxury cars etc.
















3. Gas engine


These engines use CNG and LPG as the fuel. These are used in some light motor vehicles.











4. Electric engine


It is eco-friendly engine. It doesn’t use any fuel to burn. It uses electric energy to rotate wheel. The range of electric powered vehicles is also improving day by day due to research and development in this field to improve battery capacity.







5. Hybrid engine:

A petroleum-electric hybrid most commonly uses internal combustion engines and electric motors to power the vehicle. The energy is generated by combustion of fuel and electric drive powered by an electric battery set.
















According to method of ignition:






1. Compression ignition engine


In these types of engines, there is no extra equipment to burn the fuel. In these engines burning of fuel starts due to temperature rise during compression of air. So it is known as compression ignition engine. Diesel engines are compression ignition engines and they don't need the spark plug for combustion of fuel. Diesel itself starts burning after reaching at adequate pressure and temperature.











2. Spark ignition engine


In these types of engines, ignition of fuel start by the spark, generate inside the cylinder by some extra equipment i.e. spark plug, so it is known as spark ignition engine. Generally petrol engines are having spark ignition system.














According to number of cylinder:






1. Single cylinder engine


In this type of engines have only one cylinder and one piston connected to the crank shaft.
















2. Multi-cylinder engine


In this type of engines have more than one cylinder and piston connected to the crank shaft.














According to arrangement of cylinder:






1. In-line engine


In this type of engines, cylinders are positioned in a straight line one behind the other along the length of the crankshaft.


















2. V-type engine


An engine with two cylinder banks inclined at an angle to each other and with one crankshaft known as V-type engine.
















3. Opposed cylinder engine


An engine with two cylinders banks opposite to each other on a single crankshaft (the engine with 180o angle between cylinder banks).












4. W-type engine


An engine same as V-type engine except with three banks of cylinders on the same crankshaft known as W-type engine.














5. Opposite piston engine


In this type of engine there are two pistons in each cylinder with the combustion chamber in the center between the pistons. In this engine a single combustion process causes two power strokes, at the same time.




















6. Radial engine






It is an engine with pistons positioned in circular plane around the central crankshaft. The connecting rods of pistons are connected to a master rod which, in turn, connected to the crankshaft.















According to air intake process:






1. Naturally aspirated


In this types of engine, intake of air into cylinder occur by the atmospheric pressure.


















2. Supercharged engine


In this type of engine air intake pressure is increased by the compressor driven by the engine crankshaft.
















3. Turbocharged engine


In this type of engine, intake air pressure is increase by use of turbine compressor driven by the exhaust gases of burning fuel.